Research Article
Abstract
Cnidoscolus
chayamansa, widely
utilized in Nigeria for its antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, was
investigated to determine its phytochemical profile, antioxidant potential, and
antidiabetic effects at various growth stages, with a particular emphasis on
the pre-flowering stage. The study examined how post-harvest practices affect
the concentrations of bioactive compounds and their regulatory effects on
critical glycolytic enzymes, including hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and
fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, in alloxan-induced diabetic rat models. The total
phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) and
aluminum chloride colorimetry assays respectively while the
antioxidant was evaluated using the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and NO assays. In
vivo antidiabetic activity was evaluated using alloxan-induced
rats’ model, while the α‑amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory were carried out in
vitro assays. Additionally, biochemical marker such as fasting
blood sugar level was also assessed. The results showed that antioxidant
activity, assessed through DPPH had an IC₅₀ value of 4.02 ± 0.01 µg/mL), ABTS (IC₅₀ = 8.12 ± 0.01
µg/mL), FRAP (225.4 ± 5.2 µmol Fe²⁺/g), and NO scavenging assays (IC₅₀ = 12.3 ±
2.7 µg/mL), indicated robust free radical neutralization. The pre-flowering
stage had the highest phenolic (1685.12 ± 2.14 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid contents
(306.02 ± 2.01 mg QE/g), correlating with enhanced glucose metabolism through
increased hexokinase activity (85.12% relative to control) and decreased
glucose-6-phosphatase (45%) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities (50%). In
vivo studies showed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose levels
(from 18.4 ± 0.7 mmol/L to 5.8 ± 0.5 mmol/L) and improved glucose tolerance in
diabetic rats treated with pre-flowering extracts. Post-harvest handling,
including drying and storage, reduced bioactive compound stability by 20-30%, suggesting
the pre-flowering stage as optimal therapeutic applications.
Abstract Keywords
Cnidoscolus
chayamansa, pre-flowering
stage, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, post-harvest stability.
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This work is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution
4.0
License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Abstract
Cnidoscolus
chayamansa, widely
utilized in Nigeria for its antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, was
investigated to determine its phytochemical profile, antioxidant potential, and
antidiabetic effects at various growth stages, with a particular emphasis on
the pre-flowering stage. The study examined how post-harvest practices affect
the concentrations of bioactive compounds and their regulatory effects on
critical glycolytic enzymes, including hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and
fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, in alloxan-induced diabetic rat models. The total
phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) and
aluminum chloride colorimetry assays respectively while the
antioxidant was evaluated using the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and NO assays. In
vivo antidiabetic activity was evaluated using alloxan-induced
rats’ model, while the α‑amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory were carried out in
vitro assays. Additionally, biochemical marker such as fasting
blood sugar level was also assessed. The results showed that antioxidant
activity, assessed through DPPH had an IC₅₀ value of 4.02 ± 0.01 µg/mL), ABTS (IC₅₀ = 8.12 ± 0.01
µg/mL), FRAP (225.4 ± 5.2 µmol Fe²⁺/g), and NO scavenging assays (IC₅₀ = 12.3 ±
2.7 µg/mL), indicated robust free radical neutralization. The pre-flowering
stage had the highest phenolic (1685.12 ± 2.14 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid contents
(306.02 ± 2.01 mg QE/g), correlating with enhanced glucose metabolism through
increased hexokinase activity (85.12% relative to control) and decreased
glucose-6-phosphatase (45%) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities (50%). In
vivo studies showed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose levels
(from 18.4 ± 0.7 mmol/L to 5.8 ± 0.5 mmol/L) and improved glucose tolerance in
diabetic rats treated with pre-flowering extracts. Post-harvest handling,
including drying and storage, reduced bioactive compound stability by 20-30%, suggesting
the pre-flowering stage as optimal therapeutic applications.
Abstract Keywords
Cnidoscolus
chayamansa, pre-flowering
stage, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, post-harvest stability.
This work is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution
4.0
License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Editor-in-Chief
This work is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
License.(CC BY-NC 4.0).